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> New rules for international students in the US
> Trump defies US Supreme Court over birthright citizenship
> Mexico files criminal charges against the US over ICE killings
> Controversial and sometimes deadly traffic stops to continue

In the 2024/25 academic year, international students accounted for six per cent of the total US higher education population and contributed nearly $55 billion to the US economy, supporting more than 355,000 jobs.
USA / INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS
Under Trump, overseas students are no longer regarded as an asset to the US
August 2026: The United States has introduced the most significant changes to its student visa system in decades, imposing a fixed four-year cap on study periods, shortening post-graduation grace periods, and adding layers of bureaucratic requirements that immigration lawyers and universities say will deter foreign students and damage American higher education's global standing.
The Department of Homeland Security issued its final rule on 16 July 2026, with the changes taking effect on 15 September 2026. The rule ends the longstanding policy known as ‘duration of status’ (D/S), under which international students on F-1 and J-1 visas were permitted to remain in the United States for the full length of their academic programme without a fixed expiry date on their stay.
News rules particularly hard on doctoral students
Under the new rules, stays are limited to four years. Students enrolled in longer programmes, especially doctoral students, for whom a four-year PhD is often a minimum rather than a maximum, will need to formally apply for extensions, provide biometric data, and go through a process that was not previously available to them.
The post-graduation grace period, during which students can stay in the country to make arrangements before leaving or changing visa status, has been reduced from 60 days to 30 days. Switching between degree levels or changing courses of study now encounters significantly stricter bureaucratic restrictions. The rules apply to both new entrants and students already in the United States as of 15 September.
Overseas students contribute billions to the US economy
US colleges and universities hosted 1.2 million international students in the 2024/25 academic year, a five-per-cent increase from the previous year. International students accounted for six per cent of the total US higher education population and contributed nearly $55 billion to the US economy, supporting more than 355,000 jobs.
India is the largest source country, with 363,019 students, followed by China with 265,919. Among the universities most heavily reliant on international enrolment are New York University, Carnegie Mellon, the University of Southern California, Northeastern, and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where international students in some programmes constitute the majority of graduate enrolments.
More than half of all international students study STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) fields, accounting for 80 per cent of full-time graduate students in computer and information sciences and 75 per cent in electrical and computer engineering.
US universities will face stronger competition for overseas students
University administrators have expressed concern. International students pay full tuition fees, usually at out-of-state or international rates that are considerably higher than those charged to domestic students, and many institutions rely on that income to cross-subsidise domestic programmes and financial aid.
The Association of American Universities has cautioned that the rule creates uncertainty, which could cause prospective students to seek alternative destinations. The United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and Germany have all expanded their international student programmes in recent years and now actively compete with the United States for the same talent pool. Research universities have also observed that doctoral programmes often take more than four years, and that requiring mid-study extension applications introduces costs, delays, and the risk of status errors that could jeopardise a student's entire academic journey.
International students may have to pay for postgraduate internships
The new duration-of-status rule is not the only measure being considered that could affect international students. The Trump administration is reportedly contemplating a $100,000 fee for Optional Practical Training (OPT), the programme that allows international students to work in the United States for 12 months after graduation, or 36 months for STEM graduates. The fee is still under discussion at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). It remains unclear whether the White House will approve it, or who would bear the cost—the student or the employer.
Whether the employer or the student pays, it would effectively act as a ban. Students cannot afford $100,000 to work as interns, and few companies would cover such a fee for 12 to 36 months of work authorisation.
A $100,000 H-1B fee imposed by the administration in September 2025 was struck down by a federal court in June 2026 on the grounds that it was an unconstitutional tax not authorised by Congress, a ruling that casts serious doubt on the legality of any equivalent OPT fee.
Nearly one in four US billion-dollar companies has a founder who initially arrived in the country as an international student. US billion-dollar companies founded by international students have generated an average of 1,123 jobs per company.
Sources: Department of Homeland Security; Forbes / Stuart Anderson; Open Doors 2025 Report (IIE); NAFSA; American Immigration Council; US News & World Report.
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USA / BIRTHRIGHT CITIZENSHIP
Defying the Supreme Court, Trump signs two new executive orders targeting birthright citizenship
August 2026: Five weeks after the United States Supreme Court ruled by a 6-3 majority that the Constitution guarantees automatic citizenship to all children born on American soil, President Trump has signed two new executive orders seeking once again to limit that right. Legal experts and civil liberties groups have described the orders as unconstitutional and predicted they will fail in court.
The Supreme Court's ruling on 29 June 2026, covered by The Immigrant Times, struck down Trump's original executive order of January 2025, which would have denied citizenship to children born in the United States to undocumented parents or those on temporary visas. Chief Justice John Roberts, writing for the majority, based the decision firmly on the Fourteenth Amendment, ratified in 1868, which states that all persons born or naturalised in the United States and subject to its jurisdiction are citizens. The 6-3 vote was close enough to encourage the administration to attempt again.
The first of the two new orders, signed on 6 August 2026, broadens the definition of those the administration considers ineligible for birthright citizenship to include ‘alien enemies of the United States, members of foreign terrorist organisations’, and wide-ranging categories of people who lobby or act on behalf of foreign governments. The second targets ‘birth tourism’, the practice of travelling to the United States specifically to give birth so that a child acquires American citizenship, by seeking to deny entry to those who do so.
Signing the orders in the Oval Office, Trump described them as adjustments made necessary by the Supreme Court's refusal to uphold his original order. "We had a very unfortunate decision in the Supreme Court concerning birthright. It was close, but a very, very unfortunate decision," he said. Asked whether he was confident the new orders would survive legal scrutiny, Trump said, "I think it will," before deferring to White House counsel.
Standing beside the president, White House Deputy Chief of Staff Stephen Miller cited the June Supreme Court ruling as providing authority for the new approach, a claim that directly contradicts the court’s actual decision. The June ruling reaffirmed birthright citizenship; it did not establish new grounds to restrict it.
The legal reaction was swift. "The Supreme Court already decided this issue: birthright citizenship is guaranteed by the Constitution. No additional executive order can change the meaning of the Constitution. Any executive order that tries to rewrite birthright citizenship will meet the same fate as the last one," said Cody Wofsy, deputy director of the ACLU's Immigrants' Rights Project.
Legal analysts observe that the new orders encounter the same fundamental obstacle as the original: the Fourteenth Amendment is a constitutional provision that cannot be overridden by executive action. The exception for children of foreign diplomats, who are already excluded from birthright citizenship because they are not considered subject to US jurisdiction, is well established in law. However, courts have consistently rejected attempts to expand that exception through executive order rather than constitutional amendment.
Regarding birth tourism, Chief Justice Roberts indicated during oral arguments in the Supreme Court case earlier this year that the practice did not concern him legally, a strong sign that a ban centred on it is unlikely to withstand judicial review.
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USA / MEXICO / ICE shootings
​Mexico files criminal charges in the US over the deaths of 17 Mexican nationals in ICE operations
July 2026: Mexico has intensified its response to the deaths of 17 of its citizens during US immigration enforcement operations, progressing from diplomatic protests to filing criminal complaints and civil lawsuits directly within the American legal system. The action, announced by President Claudia Sheinbaum on 9 July and enacted the following week, signifies a notable hardening of Mexico's stance towards Washington on immigration.
Of the 17 Mexican nationals who have died since May 2025, 14 died in Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) custody, and three died during ICE operations, according to Mexico's Foreign Minister Roberto Velasco. The most recent was Lorenzo Salgado Araujo, the 52-year-old line cook shot dead by an ICE agent in Houston on 7 July, a case covered in The Immigrant Times last week.
On 13 July, Mexican Ambassador to the United States Roberto Lazzeri lodged 20 criminal complaints, eight with state prosecutors and 12 with county prosecutors, in the jurisdictions where the deaths occurred, covering Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Missouri, and Texas. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated the complaints are "a preliminary step essential for the exercise of legal actions that proceed in accordance with the law."
Mexico has simultaneously referred the cases to international bodies. The government submitted a request to the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights to investigate the deaths and analyse their compatibility with international legal obligations.
It has also lodged complaints with the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, and sent cease-and-desist letters to the private companies managing the US detention centres where Mexican nationals have died. The first letter was addressed to the Adelanto Detention Centre in California, where four Mexican nationals have died. The letters cite lack of access to timely and efficient medical care and sub-standard medical policies as causes of death.
The scale of deaths in ICE custody during Trump's second term is striking. Nineteen immigrants of all nationalities died in ICE custody in 2026 alone, and 31 in 2025. In comparison, ICE reported 26 total deaths across President Biden's four-year term. The Department of Homeland Security has pushed back on these figures, telling Axios that there has been "NO spike in deaths" and that death rates as a proportion of the detained population are consistent with data over the past decade. Critics note that the detained population itself has expanded dramatically, making proportional comparisons potentially misleading.
The legal escalation increases pressure on a bilateral relationship already under considerable strain. On 1 July, the United States announced its refusal to renew a trade deal that Mexico had tried to uphold. The two governments have worked closely on migration. Mexico's enforcement of its southern border has been a key factor in the significant decrease in US border encounters recorded in 2025 and 2026, but the deaths of Mexican citizens in American custody are testing the limits of that cooperation.
Sheinbaum has so far maintained a careful balance, continuing enforcement cooperation with Washington while increasing legal pressure over the deaths. "We cannot turn a blind eye to the Mexicans who have died in ICE operations or who were detained in detention centres operated by private companies contracted by ICE," she said. "That is why we are pressing for more action."
It remains uncertain whether US prosecutors will act on Mexico's criminal complaints. The Department of Justice, which is part of the Trump administration, would need to investigate agencies under the same administration — a conflict of interest that Mexico's legal team will be well aware of. The referral to the UN and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights indicates that Mexico is preparing for that possibility.
Sources: UPI; CNN; Courthouse News; JURIST; PBS NewsHour; Axios; Al Jazeera.
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USA / ICE shootings
Trump overrules his own officials and orders controversial ICE traffic stops to continue
July 2026: Although both Democrats and Republicans have condemned the recent deadly shooting of two immigrants by US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents, President Trump has insisted on social media that controversial, suspicionless traffic stops will continue.
On 7 July, Lorenzo Salgado Araujo, a 52-year-old Mexican national and line cook, was shot and killed by ICE agents in Houston, Texas, after they attempted to stop the van he was driving. Six days later, on 13 July, Joan Sebastian Durán Guerrero, a 25-year-old Colombian, was shot dead by an ICE agent in Biddeford, Maine, a coastal city of around 23,000 people south of Portland. Neither man was the target of the operations during which they were killed.
Durán Guerrero had been authorised to work in the US and had been given a Social Security number, according to the Maine Immigrants' Rights Coalition. Surveillance footage obtained by the Associated Press appears to show a white sedan, believed to be his car on the way to work, driving near an intersection before an unmarked vehicle blocks its path.
The Department of Homeland Security stated that the driver had tried to flee and that an officer fired ‘fearing for public safety’, but provided no evidence to support this claim. In an early contradiction, Senator Angus King of Maine said he was told by the DHS Secretary that Durán Guerrero was the target of a warrant; King's office later clarified he was not.
Durán Guerrero's wife and their three-year-old daughter were present at the scene after the shooting. Protests and memorial gatherings appeared across Biddeford within hours.
In Houston, protests took place outside City Hall.
Between early June and early July, ICE arrests in Maine had increased more than fourfold to about 70 per day, according to internal ICE data.
The two killings are the latest in a series of deaths linked to ICE enforcement operations. In January 2026, federal agents shot and killed two US citizens in Minneapolis, Renée Good and Alex Pretti, sparking nationwide protests and a 76-day partial shutdown of the Department of Homeland Security.
The Wall Street Journal has documented over a dozen incidents between July 2025 and January 2026 where federal immigration officials fired at individuals inside vehicles.
The political fallout was swift and, unusually, crossed party lines. Republican Senator Susan Collins of Maine, seeking re-election in a race that could tip Senate control, called for suspending traffic stops until investigations are completed, saying ICE cannot investigate itself.
Her colleague, independent Senator Angus King, echoed the demand. On 15 July, the administration announced a temporary pause on most ICE vehicle stops. However, a day later, President Trump overruled his own officials. "We CANNOT give up one of ICE's most important and effective Crime Fighting tools, THE TRAFFIC STOP!" he wrote on social media.
The absence of body camera footage from either incident has become a major point of criticism. Border chief Tom Homan recently announced that ICE would require officers to record vehicle stops with body cameras, stating he wanted the American people to see what officers observed when they took action. He acknowledged that funding for the cameras had been delayed during the partial government shutdown earlier in the year.
Both the Colombian and Mexican governments have responded formally. The Colombian Embassy confirmed it was in contact with US authorities and providing consular assistance to Durán Guerrero's family. The Senate of the Republic of Mexico condemned incidents related to the deaths of 17 Mexican citizens at the hands of US immigration authorities, including Salgado Araujo, and the Mexican consulate sought humanitarian parole for three men detained during the same Houston operation.
Multiple investigations are currently ongoing. In Maine, the state attorney general, the FBI, and the DHS Office of Inspector General are all reviewing the shooting. In Texas, the Harris County District Attorney has issued nearly 20 subpoenas, and the Houston Police Department has asked the Texas Department of Public Safety to lead an independent inquiry.
Sources: CNN; NPR; PBS NewsHour; CBC News; Al Jazeera; Euronews; Associated Press; Reuters.
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USA / NEW YORK CITY
New York Mayor uses America's 250th anniversary to praise immigrants' role in the nation's history
July 2026: New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani delivered a 15-minute address at City Hall yesterday, 3 July 2026, on the eve of the United States' 250th anniversary, emphasising immigration as a central theme in American history and implicitly challenging the Trump administration's policies on undocumented migrants.
Mamdani delivered the speech seated behind a desk once used by George Washington, flanked by ten recently naturalised American citizens holding US flags. The setting was deliberate: City Hall stands yards from the site where the Declaration of Independence was first read aloud to the Continental Army in 1776.
Mamdani portrayed American history as a series of immigrant waves, each initially faced with hostility and later integrated into the national narrative. "For generation after generation, we have been told that when the world has sent its people to our shores, it has not sent its best," he said, listing religious minorities, peasants, and economic migrants who have shaped the country. "The truth, my friends, is that America is exceptional because here, nothing is fixed into place.”
He was pointed in his criticism of current immigration enforcement. "We see masked agents terrorising our streets, eating food cooked by our undocumented neighbours before spiriting them away in unmarked vans," he said, without naming the president or federal agencies directly.
Mamdani also referenced the history of New York's immigrant communities, including Irish, Chinese, Jewish, Italian, and Syrian newcomers from the 19th and early 20th centuries, noting that each generation faced legal exclusion, labour exploitation, and social hostility before becoming part of the city's fabric. "Despite laws enacted by the federal government to prevent their entry, despite sweatshop fires that killed hundreds of women, despite riots aimed at their very existence, immigrants made homes here in New York City, and they helped to make New York City," he said.
He concluded by framing dissent as a form of patriotism. "Patriotism has never been about pretending our nation is without flaws," he said. "Patriotism is every act of righteous dissent."
Mamdani, born in Kampala, Uganda, in 1991 to parents of Indian descent, moved to New York at the age of seven. He became a naturalised US citizen in 2018 and was elected Mayor of New York City in November 2025, making history as the first Muslim and the first African-born individual to hold the office. His parents are the scholar Mahmood Mamdani and the filmmaker Mira Nair. Before his mayoral campaign, he represented Astoria in the New York State Assembly, building a political base in Queens focused on policies of social housing, worker protection, and immigrant rights.
Under the US Constitution, Mamdani is ineligible for the presidency or vice-presidency as he is not a natural-born citizen. He has rejected proposals for a constitutional amendment to alter this, stating last week that the Constitution "looks good just the way it is."
The speech was timed to contrast with President Trump's planned address at Mount Rushmore later that day. Mamdani, who has met Trump twice at the White House, did not refer to the president by name.
Further reading from The Immigrant Times: Immigrant Zohran Mamdani elected NYC Mayor
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USA / BIRTHRIGHT CITIZENSHIP
US Supreme Court affirms birthright citizenship, dismissing Trump’s executive order
July 2026: The United States Supreme Court ruled on 29 June 2026 that the US Constitution guarantees automatic citizenship to children born on American soil, striking down an executive order signed by President Trump on his first day back in office in January 2025. The 6-3 decision is the third significant Supreme Court defeat for the Trump administration in recent months.
Trump's executive order aimed to limit citizenship to children born to parents who are either US citizens or lawful permanent residents with established domicile in the country. It would have abolished automatic citizenship for children born to parents who are undocumented or present in the US on temporary visas. According to the Migration Policy Institute, an estimated 255,000 children born each year to non-citizen parents would have lost legal status under the order. Some faced the prospect of statelessness, unable to acquire citizenship in any country. Every lower court that examined the order blocked it before it could take effect.
Birthright citizenship has been enshrined in the US Constitution since 1868, when the states ratified the Fourteenth Amendment following the Civil War. It reflects the principle of jus soli, the right of the soil, extending citizenship based on place of birth, regardless of the immigration status of the parents.
The Supreme Court affirmed this principle over a century ago in the 1898 case of United States v. Wong Kim Ark, ruling that a man born in San Francisco to Chinese immigrant parents was a US citizen. Chief Justice Roberts, writing for the majority, noted that the arguments advanced by Trump and the dissenting justices echo those made by the losing side in that case.
Five justices held that the executive order violated the Fourteenth Amendment. A sixth, conservative Justice Brett Kavanaugh, held that it violated federal law but did not reach the constitutional question. Chief Justice Roberts wrote that the men who drafted the Fourteenth Amendment deliberately defined citizenship broadly, rejecting attempts to limit it. "Citizenship, then and now, was the right to have rights," he wrote. Justice Samuel Alito, writing for the three dissenting conservatives, stated: "The Court has made a serious mistake."
Trump described the ruling as "too bad for our Country" and urged Congress to legislate an end to birthright citizenship, stating that no constitutional amendment would be needed. "Congress should start TODAY," he wrote on Truth Social.
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USA / TPS
Supreme Court strips legal protection from 350,000 Haitians and Syrians in the US
June 2026: The United States Supreme Court ruled on 25 June that the Trump administration may revoke Temporary Protected Status (TPS) for approximately 350,000 Haitian and 6,000 Syrian nationals living legally in the country, in a 6-3 decision along ideological lines that significantly limits judicial oversight of immigration policy.
TPS was established by Congress in 1990 to prevent deportations to countries experiencing natural disasters, civil unrest, and other instabilities. It permits individuals already in the country to stay with work permits valid for up to 18 months, but it does not offer a pathway to citizenship. As of March 2025, around 1.3 million people from 17 countries held TPS status.
Writing for the conservative majority, Justice Samuel Alito stated that the TPS statute prevents courts from reviewing decisions made by the president and the Department of Homeland Security to end the programme. The court also dismissed a separate claim by Haitian plaintiffs that the decision to revoke their status was motivated by racial discrimination. The majority concluded that statements made by the president about Haiti were not enough to prove that the termination was based on race.
Writing for the three dissenting justices, Justice Elena Kagan stated that without the protection of lower court orders, hundreds of thousands of Haitians and Syrians living in the United States would lose their legal status and work authorisation, and that most would have no legal option except to leave the country. She also noted that both Haiti and Syria remain on the State Department's "do not travel" list.
Background
Former Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem moved to terminate TPS for Haiti and Syria, certifying that conditions in both countries had sufficiently improved for immigrants to return. Lower courts had blocked those terminations, with one federal judge finding that Noem had failed to follow correct procedures and that there was evidence the decision was based on anti-Haitian bias. Plaintiffs also alleged in a court filing that the government had relied on a knowingly false statement that Noem had consulted the State Department, when in fact she had not.
The State Department currently advises Americans not to travel to Haiti, noting that crimes involving firearms, including robbery, carjacking, sexual assault, and kidnapping for ransom, are common. Regarding Syria, it states that no part of the country is safe from violence.
Wider implications
The Trump administration has already revoked TPS for nationals from 13 of the 17 countries that held the designation when it took office in January 2025, including Afghanistan and Cameroon. The ruling effectively grants the administration the authority to carry out similar terminations for the remaining designations. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) warned that the decision has devastating consequences beyond the Haiti and Syria cases, severely restricting relief options in other ongoing cases.
The White House called the ruling a significant victory. Spokeswoman Abigail Jackson said that it confirmed the administration's stance that TPS was never meant as a route to permanent status or legal residency.
Separately, the Supreme Court yesterday (25 June 2026) also cleared the way for the Trump administration to revive its "metering" policy, which limits the number of asylum seekers that border officials must process at the southern border.
Sources: NPR; NBC News; ABC News; CNN; PBS NewsHour; NBC News (via AP).
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USA / SOUTH AFRICA
Some 99% of refugees admitted to the US in 2026 were white South Africans
June 2026: More than 99 per cent of refugees admitted to the United States during the first seven months of Fiscal Year 2026 came from South Africa, according to official refugee admissions data. The figures have attracted attention because the Trump administration has largely paused refugee admissions from other parts of the world while creating a pathway for white South Africans, particularly Afrikaners, who it claims face discrimination and violence in their home country.
Official figures from the US Refugee Admissions Program show that 6,069 refugees were admitted to the United States between 1 October 2025 and 30 April 2026, the first seven months of Fiscal Year 2026. Of those, 6,066 were South Africans. The remaining three refugees were from Afghanistan.
The figures show a significant change from previous years, when refugees admitted to the United States came from many countries, including those affected by war, political turmoil, and humanitarian crises.
The policy reflects the Trump administration's decision to prioritise refugee admissions from South Africa. President Donald Trump and senior administration officials have argued that Afrikaners and other racial minorities face discrimination, violence, and threats to property rights under South Africa’s current policies.
In October 2025, the administration set the annual refugee admissions cap for Fiscal Year 2026 at 7,500 places, the lowest level since the modern refugee programme was established. The statement indicated that admissions would mainly target South Africans eligible under the new policy.
The administration later expanded the programme. In May 2026, Trump raised the refugee admissions ceiling by 10,000 places, increasing the total fiscal-year quota to 17,500. Most of the new places were primarily for South African applicants.
The South African government has firmly rejected claims that white South Africans face systematic persecution. Officials in Pretoria have criticised the refugee programme and maintained that South Africa remains a constitutional democracy where all citizens enjoy equal legal protections.
The programme has also faced criticism from refugee advocates in the United States and elsewhere. They point out that refugee admissions from countries such as Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Myanmar, and Syria have declined sharply, despite ongoing conflicts and humanitarian crises.
Supporters of the administration’s policy argue that refugee protection should be based on individual circumstances rather than nationality, and that South Africans facing persecution should be eligible for protection in the same way as refugees from other countries.
The admissions figures have nevertheless highlighted how dramatically US refugee policy has changed. During the first seven months of Fiscal Year 2026, virtually every refugee admitted to the United States had European ancestry and came from a single country.
Reuters reported in May 2026 that the administration was considering events around World Refugee Day on 20 June to highlight the programme, although no official announcement had been made at the time of writing.
Sources: US Refugee Processing Center (Refugee Admissions Data); Reuters; Associated Press; The Washington Post.
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